>  \r  1^. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


11.25 


^  Uik   12.2 

2f  BA    ■" 


Hi 
■u 
lit 


lAO 


^m 


6" 


-► 


D^s 


Z 


A 


Photographic 

Sdences 
Corporatton 


^ 


^^ 


•^ 


■«■ 


c\ 


^.v 


23  WEST  MAIN  STRiET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)  872-4503 


'^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  n*icroraproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notas  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquaa 


1 

t< 


Tha  Instituta  has  attamptad  to  obtain  the  bast 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  after  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 
D 


n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagie 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  rastaurie  at/ou  pelliculAe 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  giographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avac  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liura  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distorsion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdas 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsq'ia  ceJa  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  iti  film^es. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  la  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Las  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithode  normale  de  fiimage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


|~~|    Coloured  pages/ 


D 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagias 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restaurdas  et/ou  pelliculdes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  d6color4es,  tachat^es  ou  piquies 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 

Showthrough/ 
rransparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  inigala  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  matarii 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I  Pages  damaged/ 

I      I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

r^  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I      I  Pages  detached/ 

0  Showthrough/ 
1 

I      I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I      I  Only  edition  available/ 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalamant  ou  partiallement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  it(b  film6es  i  nouveau  de  facon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


7 
P 

0 

fi 


C 

b 

tl 
s 
o 
fi 

si 
o 


T 

8l 

T 

M 

IV 
di 
ei 
b< 
ri 
re 
rr 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film^  au  taux  de  rMuction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 


10X 


14X 


18X 


^-i 


22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


/ 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


■A' 


The  copy  filmed  hare  hat  baan  raproducad  thanks 
to  tha  ganaroaity  of: 

Library  of  tha  Public 
Archives  of  Canada 

Tha  images  appanrlng  here  are  the  beat  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specif ications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  imprea- 
sion,  or  the  back  covet  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  racoi  Jed  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  framea  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


L'exemplaire  fiimA  f ut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
gAnAiositA  de: 

La  bibiiothdqua  des  Archives 
publiques  du  Canada 

Lea  images  suivantes  ont  At*  reproduites  avac  la 
plus  grand  soin.  compta  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattet«  de  I'exemplaira  film*,  at  en 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  dd 
filmage. 

Lea  exemplaires  oiiginaux  dont  la  couvarture  en 
papier  est  ImprimAe  sont  filmte  en  common? ant 
par  la  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
darniAra  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  la  second 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  an  commangant  par  la 
premiire  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  darnlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaftra  sur  la 
d^rnlAra  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  salon  la 
cas:  la  symbols  — ^  signifie  "A  .nUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  a  des  taux  da  reduction  diffArants. 
Loraque  la  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  11  est  film*  it  partir 
da  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  an  bas,  en  prenant  la  nombra 
d'images  nAcessaira.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thoda. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

t 

5 

6 

t 


t 


I 


h\ 


N    57°  30' W.  64-Ck/. 


Xi  AJ^^DS  OF  THE   GrE:N^ER.AIi 


C    A  H   M  I   C  H  AE 


I 


* 


FWWW"^|P" 


"W 


N^EBAIi  Ml^lJSG  A.S  S  O  C  iKt  I 


CoBici^ea 

a 
n  a 


S7*3o'y».  /SOCh 


'•^«^N?1 


1^ 


1  Squai'e, 


Mem. 


® 


S  57*  30  E    iGO  Ch 


% 


% 


1^  ^ 


:     JS^S^i, 


CcOILBzLei.      o 


^.^ 


Jfount  □ 
JtantUaa 


E 


JoalPU 


Jtichy  Oil  Coal 


^.- 


:jf?a 


5  wSquare  li^es 


e^ 


*^     ■«#    *  Mfc 


B 


W 


t 
^ 

^ 


■*.*!* -rU '•]({. 


CO 


5^ 


trt 


^ 


-,<jl 


y^cri^unns  -grp/  h 


o  :n^ 


:p^ 


jft 


^. 


PiCT 


h^      *  ^    -4, 


u 


^ 

^ 


eo 


^ 


^ 


4  >.      .  >, 


_i 


> 


^-  #■ 


S 


tf 


5 


0^  d  tl)^^ttJr5 


OFTHE 


PicTou  CoibrY,SovA.  Scotia. 


_fe_ 


k 


A. 


j^tne-Miii 


"N 


u 


:C«J^ 


^' 


.in:" -4 


m 


5  Square  Miles 


V    -  -^*fe'' 


-«{ 


^ 


i* 


%' 


5  Sqjiare  MLes 


N    5/ •  30  W     tffO  /'// 


./' 


Section  showing  relative  position  and  thickness  of  the  Co, 


*t 


§1 


<n 


T 


I 


U 


m 


' 

'■^     ■ 

■       • 

J^<^ 

^'  c^' 

t                 ', 

#•5" 
<.^ 

I 

^^^^^^^^^^^ 

-^ 

^ 


K 


5  57'  Sir  F. 


iNf 


\^ 


^'       V 


NG   RELATIVE    POSITION    AND   THICKNESS    OF  THeCoAL  3JaMS    IN  THE    LANDS    OF  THE  A 


u 


« 


N?-4t 


5  Square  Miles 


.r*» 


s^ 


8 
8 


b57'.Hri    F       '^OOdl 


c<* 


# 


ANDs  OF  THE  Acadia  Coal  Co. 


i 


li^'nf4##'frSiU.i;'.di 


¥ 


■  '">',• 


.«ii«ii»i*lLi 


■% 


'./ 


r 


x 


-A 


,\ 


I  ijmmim»n'M*itH\im0iui/ml)ki^--:ttu-nM'' ■   .  uw  •.».  ■nif.i.i 


.^.i*k*.r'»'tW>«V.»    ■-'     •ita..^r 


'^t.mmv^^-^'xK^ium  linnmiiiii'nipi  "y'r^^g*-  >mi<^cp.. 


■t-KHSS 


ii«alfe6)WT'^3»tovTli*W:i\>.Yi-'--"a»^ 


REPORT 


mr 


TECB  :pk.oi=ei?.ty 


Oi 


THE  ACADIA  COAL  COMPANY, 


><: 


NOVA  SCOTIA. 


For  private  circulation  only  among  the  Proprietors. 


N  e  u)    JO  0  r  k  : 

BOWNE  &  CO.    STATIONtKS  AND  PEINTERS,  149  BROADWAY. 

1866. 


«)  I 


4 


,    it  .    s^yl^J 


wmmm 


I 


m 


3 


145  BROADWAY,  New  York, 
\st  February,  1865 


ORK,) 

5.     S 


Is 


ft 


To  THE  Proprietors  op  the  Aoadia  Coal  Property  : 

Gentlc7nen — 

The  Trustees,  to  whom  the  management  of  the 
Acadia  Coal  property  in  Nova  Sootia  was  confided, 
until  suitable  arrann^ements  could  bo  made  for  its 
future  dgvelopmont,  would  respectfully  report  their 
action — as  well  as  the  proceediiin^s  had  nt  two  meet- 
ings of  the  parties  iutore-^ted,  liald  in  this  city. 

The  clear  and  able  reports  of  Messrs. ,  Thomas 
Petherick,  Mining  Engineer,  and  Jesse  Iloyt,  General 
Agent,  will  enable  you  to  form  a  correct  judgment 
as  to  the  value  cf  our  coal  lands,  and  the  means 
required  to  give  practical  development  to  them. 

It  has  been  decided  to  apply  at  the  opening  of  the 
Nova  Scotia  Legislature  on  the  9th  inst.,  for  a  charter, 
with  a  capital  of  $1,000,000,  under  the  title  of  "the 
Acadia  Coal  Company."  This  charter  has  already 
been  drawn  up  by  distinguished  Counsel  ;  and  we 
do  not  apprehend  any  difficulty  in  securing  its 
passage. 

You  will  find  embodied  in  Mr.  Iloyt's  letter  a 
statement  of  what  is  now  being  done  at  the  mines. 

The  Nov^a  Scotia  government  having  located  their 
railroad  immediately  through  our  lands,  we  are  thus 
saved  an  outlay  of  at  least  $300,000  in  gold,  which 
otherwise  we  should  have  been  obliged  to  expend  to 
secure  transportntion  to  the  shipping  harbor. 


' 


I 

!,P 


We  are  well  satisfied  that  the  manufacture  of 
oil — from  one  of  our  coal  veins — can  be  profitably 
carried  on  ;  but  it  has  been  decided  to  form  a  sepa- 
rate company  for  this  branch  of  business — inviting 
ail  the  parties  in  interest  to  join  in  it,  and  keeping 
"  the  Acadia  Coal  Company,"  strictly  to  the  business 
of  mining  the  coal  for  sale. 


EDWARDS  S.  gANFORD 
CYRUS  W.  FIELD, 


■I 


Trustees. 


1 


!^av 


I 


f)  '■': 


ON  THE  PROPERTIES  OP 


THE  ACADIA  COAL  COMPANY, 


NOVA   SCOTIA. 


-<•»- 


These  properties  nre  situated  about  two  miles 
southwesterly  of  tlie  town  of  iNew  Glasg-ow,  on  the 
East  River,  in  Pictou  County,  and  about  eight  miles 
southerly  from  the  sen  port  of  Pictou.  Tbey  comprise 
four  areas :  two  of  them  the  Fraser  and  Carmichael 
tract?,  each  containing  one  square  mile,  piuciinsed 
by  the  Compnny,  and  a  right  of  mining  search  over 
ten  square  miles  acquired  directly  from  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

The  carboniferous  formation  on  which  these  prop- 
erties are  situated,  extends  from  its  southern  limit 
northerly  to,  and  under  the  tide  beyond,  Pictou ; 
easterly  some  miles,  and  a  much  greater  distance 
to  the  westward ;  but  excepting  the  important  and 
very  profitable  mining  operations  in  the  adjoining 
property  of  the  General  Mining  Association  of  Lon- 
don, the  "  Albion  Mines,"  and  sojne  limited  open- 
ings in  the  Company's,  and  otlier  lands  in  the  imme- 
diate neighborhood,  I  do  not  find  that  any  suitable 
efficient  means  have  yet  been  taken  to  prove  what 
other  valuable  coal  veins  it  contains. 

In  the  adjoining  "Albion  Mines"  the  mining  opera- 


tioiis  have  hitherto  been  confined  to  two  coal  seams — 
the  "  Main.  Coal,"  and  the  "  Deep  Coal  ;"  but  besides 
these  unusually  large,  "  powerful "  veins,  (which  run 
through  the  Carmichael  tract  of  the  Acadia  Co.,) 
other  valuable  coal  veins  are  known  to  run  a  great 
length  through  the  Company's  four  properties — tho 
"Third  Coal,"  the  "Purvis  Coal,"  the  "McGregor 
Coal"  and  the  "  Oil  Coal ;"  but  from  the  information 
1  have  obtained,  I  consider  it  highly  probable  that 
other  valuable  veins  underlie,  and  perhaps  intervene 
between,  them.  My  impression  in  this  respect  is  very 
strongs  and  the  inducements  to  the  adoption  of  proper 
efficient  means  to  prove  this  important  question 
appear  to  me  to  be  obvious. 

The  close  proximity  of  the  Company's  properties  to 
the  Albion  Mines  Collieries,  and  their  great  success, 
rendered  me  very  desirous  to  make  myself  acquainted , 
by  personal  examination,  with  the  coal  formation  dev- 
eloped by  those  extensive  works,  for  which  every 
desired  facility  was  afforded  me  by  the  Superintend- 
ent, Col.  Scott,  and  his  son,  Mr.  George  Scott. 

I  found  the  Albion  Mines  "  Main  Coal"  opened  by 
the  "  Dalhousie  pit,"  which  reached  it  at  the  depth 
of  forty-five  fathoms,  to  be  a  very  large  and  im 
portant  vein ;  important,  not  only  on  account  oi 
its  great  thickness,  but  in  regard  to  its  great 
regularity,  and  the  evenness  and  strength  of  its  roof ; 
which  important  circumstances  arc  rhdracteristic  of 
all  the  veins  which  I  have  examined^  both  in  the  Al- 
bion mines  and  in  those  of  this  Company.  The  thick- 
ness of  the  '•  Main  Coal"  was  stated  by  Mr.  Poole, 
the   former  Superintendent,  to  be  upwards  of  forty 


8 

feet,  deduotiiijj  Iroiri  which  iho  ugjLrro^ate  thickness 
of  five  small  bands  of  other  material,  about  two  feet, 
leaves  that  of  the  coal  thirty-eii^ht  feet  ;  but  as  the 
measurement  was  vertical,  instead  of  being  at  right 
angles  with  the  dip  of  the  vein  (about  20*^),  the  true 
geological  thickness  of  the  coal  may  be  taken  to  be 
about  thirty-six  feet.  The  next  deeper  vein  worked 
in  the  "Albion  Mines,"  the  "  Deep  Coal,"  deducting 
for  similar  bands,  was  found  by  the  same  gentleman 
to  be  about  twenty-two  feet  thickness  of  coal.  My 
observations  at  different  points  on  those  two  great 
veins,  induced  me  to  believe  that  those  statements 
were  substantially  correct, — the  joint  thickness  of 
those  two  veins  being  about  fifty-eight  feet. 

It  is  very  important  to  observe  that  the  whole  geo- 
logical formation  in  which  the  "  Albion  Minos  "  and 
the  Acadia  Coal  Company's  properties  are  situated,  is 
remarkable  for  the  unusually  great  regularity  of  its 
stratification  ;  exempt,  in  a  remarkable  degree,  from 
the  disturbance  and  consequent  deterioration  and 
loss  of  coal,  and  liability  to  serious  and  indefinite 
expense,  which  under  less  favorable  geological  cir- 
cumstances, often  render  coal  mining  a  source  of 
uncertainty  and  embarrassment. 

In  the  Company's  ground  no  attempt  has  yet  been 
made  to  mine  the  "  Main  Coal ;"  but  it  has  been 
proved  at  the  point  "A"  in  the  Mining  Association's 
property,  (see  accompanying  map),  to  be  a  very  large 
vein,  at  the  distance  of  only  one  hundred  and  sixty 
yards  from  the  Company's  line.  The  length  which 
it  will  occupy  in  their  (the  Company's)  property, 


cannot  in  consequence  of  its  strike  being  somewhat 
uncertain,  be  stated  with  accuracy;  but  from  the 
course  of  this  vein  and  also  of  the  '*  Deep  Coal,"  it 
will  probably  be  nearly  sixteen  hundred  yards  in  the 
Carmichael  or  Avesteru  portion  of  the  Company's 
ground,  and  a  vastly  greater  length  in  their  recently 
acquired  mining  areas,  in  their  eastern  ground,  be- 
yond the  lino  of  the  General  Mining  Association. 
The — **  McGregor"  vein,  and  other  lower  veins  in  the 
series,  will  occupy  a  much  greater  length  still,  as 
will  be  seen  by  the  map  herewith. 

The  "  Deep  Coal"  has  been  opened  at  the  point  "  B," 
or  at  least  an  upper  bench  ot  it,  ai  the  McKenzie  pit, 
sunk  about  forty  two  feet,  at  wliich  depth  I  ibund 
the  vein  to  be  over  seven  and  a  half  feet  thick,  below 
which,  it  was  observed  to  me,  there  is  another 
"bench"  of  a  considerable  further  thickne^^s  of  coal ; 
but  it  was  not  accessible  for  my  examination,  and  1 
can  therefore  state  nothing  specific  on  the  subject. 
In  the  recent  opening  at  this  pit,  I  examined  a  drift 
of  about  sixty  yards  length,  in  which  I  found  the 
vein  to  be  very  regular,  with  an  excellent  sound 
roof.  This  coal  is  of  very  good  quality  and  free 
from  sulphur — like  all  the  other  coal  hitherto  proved 
on  the  Company's  property.  Properly  opened,  this 
coal  can  be  cheaply  worked,  and  with  unusvally 
small  waste.  There  is  a  great  country  demand  for 
this  coal,  but  it  has  been  worked  at  a  great  disad- 
vantage on  a  small  scale,  by  hands  unaccustomed  to 
mining.  Properly  opened,  with  suitable  machin- 
ery for  pumping  the  water  (which  is  in  trifling  quan- 
tity) and  hoisting  tlie  coal,  which  have  been  done  by 


10 


Mi 


1 
I 


very  unsuitable  horse  power,  a  large  production  can  be 
cheaply  effected  from  this  pit,  when  a  railroad  is  ex- 
tended to  it. 

The  "McGregor  Coal"  has  been  opened  at  the  point 
"  C"  by  an  "Adit"  or  horizontal  drift,  which  has  been 
extended  on  the  vein  over  four  hundred  yards  in  excel- 
lent coal,  which  is  being  mined  upon  a  small  scale  for 
country  use,  and  for  (*arting  over  wretched  roads  to  the 
East  Pictou  river,  below  New  Glasgow,  for  shipment. 

The  quantity  thus  produced  is  of  course  limited, 
but  even  under  those  great  disadvantages  it  leaves  a 
large  profit,  the  superior  quality  of  the  r.oal  command- 
ing a  high  price.  This  vein  appears  to  increase  in 
size,  in  extending  under  the  rising  ground,  and  I 
found  it  at  the  extremity  of  the  dritt  to  be  fully  six 
feet  thick,  of  fine  quality,  very  regular,  and  with  an 
excellent  roof  At  about  136  yards  northerly  from  the 
mouth  of  the  drift,  a  shaft,  called  the  ''  Fleming 
Shaft"  was  sunk  some  time  since  to  the  deptli  of  164 
feet.  Being  full  of  water  I  could  not  exainine  it, 
but  the  vein  in  the  bottom  of  it  is  stated  to  be  con- 
siderably thicker  than  that  described  above  in  the 
drift,  separated,  it  is  said,  by  seven  feet  of  slate  iiom 
a  vein  of  four  feet  of  good  roal.  Not  having  seen 
such  associated  veins  on  the  property,  I  merely  give 
the  statement  as  I  received  it.  This  "Fleming  iShalt" 
is  of  a  fair  size  for  deeper  operation,  14  teet  length 
by  6  feet  width,  calculated  for  a  considerable  extent 
of  business.  The  Government  railroad  from  Truro 
to  Pictou  harbor,  touching  at  a  point  about  half 
a  mile  easterly  from  this  shaft,  from  whence  the 
shipping  of  the  coal  will  be  far  more  convenient  and 


11 


;.,'« 


less  expensive,  renders  it  desirable  to  sink  a  slope 
(or  diagonal  shaft)  on  the  vein  near  such  point,  by 
the  railroad,  instead  of  at  present  using  that  shaft 
which  wil!  however,  at  no  distant  day,  be  of  service 
for  ventilation  and  perhaps  otherwise, 

"What  has  been  called  the  ''Third  Coal"  was  opened 
at  "  C,"  to  a  small  extent.  It  is  stated  to  be  a  large 
vein,  (its  precise  thickness  T  could  not  learn,)  a  four 
feet  bench  of  which,  stated  to  be  very  good  coal,  was 
mined  for  country  use.  The  snme  vein  was  opened, 
some  years  ago,  to  the  depth  (diagonally)  on  the  slopes 
of  forty  yards,  the  coal  from  which  is  stated  to  have 
been  of  very  good  quality.  At  the  horizontal  distance, 
southerly  of  say  300  yards  from  the  ''  McGregor  Coal," 
and  deeper  in  the  series,  are  openings  at  what  is 
termed  the  "Oil  Coal."  or  "  Stellar  Coal,"  (so  called 
from  the  brilliant  corruscations  which  it  throws  off, 
like  stars,  when  ignited.)  from  one  of  whicli  open- 
ings, I  am  informed,  nearly  three  thousand  tons 
of  coal  was  sold  ibr  the  manufacture  of  Kerosene 
Oil.  I  examined  it,  in  a  recent  opening,  where 
I  found  it  to  be  IG  inches  thick,  overlaid  by 
13  inches  of  bituminous  coal,  and  underlaid  by  19 
inches  of  "batt,"  or  bituminous  shale,  the  whole 
thickness  being  four  feet.  The  bench  of  oil  coal  is 
stated  to  contain  from  80  gallons  of  oil  per  ton,  up 
to  a  much  larger  yield.  I  have  reason  to  believe 
that  if  the  distillation  of  the  oil  from  this  coal,  and 
probably  also  from  the  bitumimjus  shale,  were  to  be 
carried  on  in  the  immediate  vicinity  where  the  neces- 
sary fuel  would  be  cheap,  it  would  be  a  very  'profitable 
manufacture.  I  am  not,  however,  sufficiently  acquaint- 


12 


^ 


ed  with  the  operation,  to  enahle  me  to  offer  an  opinion 
on  the  precise  results  to  be  expected  from  it ;  but  the 
statements  which  have  been  made  to  me,  by  the  best 
informed  parties,  of  undoubted  reliability  and  experi- 
ence in  the  business,  and  who  have  operated  on  this 
particular  coal,  have  fully  satisfied  me  of  the  great 
value  of  this  portion  of  the  Company's  property.  It 
has  been  stated  to  me,  that  there  is  another  vein  of 
Oil  Coal  of  the  same  peculiar  and  valuable  quality, 
but  much  thicker,  on  the  property,  running  through 
the  whole  extent  of  it.  I  suggest  that  means  be 
resorted  to  speedily,  to  prove  this  important  point. 

The  "  Purvis  Coal"  remains  to  be  noticed.  It  was 
worked  at  the  point  "A,"  several  years  since,  for  coun- 
try use.  It  appears  that  the  good  coal  of  this  vein  is 
of  about  four  feet  thickness,  and  of  a  very  superior 
quality.  I  am  not  able  to  give  very  particular  de- 
scription of  it,  but  I  may  observe  that  it  could  be  con- 
veniently worked  in  connection  with  the  "Third  Coal." 

Obviously  a  point  of  prominent  importance  in 
regard  to  the  value  of  coal  properties,  is  the  cost  oj' 
transportation  of  the  coal  to  market.  In  this  respect 
the  Company's  lands  are  very  favorably  situated.  The 
Government  of  Nova  Scotia  have  already  in  opera- 
tion a  railway  from  Halifax  harbor,  on  the  Atlantic, 
(one  of  the  best  in  the  world,  and,  untiKe  some  other 
northern  harbors,  never  frozen  up)  to  Truro,  about 
sixty-five  miles,  and  have  under  contract,  and  the 
work  commenced,  the  remaining  portion,  extending 
about  forty  miles  to  Pictou  harbor,  on  the  Gulf  of  St. 
Lawrence  ;  the  whole  to  be  completed  and  in  opera- 
tion by  the  1st  July,  186(5    j)a^sing  through  the  prop- 


13 


1  opinion 

but  the 

the  best 

d  experi- 

i  on  this 

lie  great 

erty.     It 

jr  vein  of 

quality, 

throuj[>'h 

neons  be 

point. 

It  was 
for  coun- 
lis  vein  is 
f  superior 
cular  (le- 
d  be  con- 
ird  Coal." 
tance   in 
le  cost  ol' 
is  respect 
Lted.    The 
in  opera- 
Atlnntic, 
)nie  other 
iro,  about 
,  and  the 
extending 
UlfofSt. 
in  opera- 
theprop- 


y4h 


erties  of  the  Acadia  Company^  the  value  of 
which,  it  can  scarcely  be  necessary  to  add,  will  be 
vastly  increased  by  it,  affordinir  an  easy  and  short 
access  to  an  excellent  shipping  place  in  deep  water 
in  Pictou  harbor,  and  (when  that  and  most  other 
northern  harbors  are  frozen  up,)  giving  the  Company 
shipping  lacilities  for  their  coal  to  the  superior  har- 
bor of  Halifax,  with  far  less  length  of  transit  than 
that  from  the  anthracite  coal  region  in  Pennsylva- 
nia to  tidewater.  The  Government  are  disposed  to 
hasten  the  completion  of  the  road  from  the  Acadia 
Collieries  to  Pictou  harbor,  so  as  to  be  prepared  for  the 
shipment  of  coal  there  at  the  opening  of  navigat'oa 
in  1866. 

There  are  two  blocks  of  miners'  houses,  of  two 
dwelling*  each,  on  the  ground,  a  house  for  the  fore- 
man,  carpenter's  and  smith's  shops ;  and  arrange- 
ments are  being  made  for  the  erection  of  several 
blocks  of  suitable  miners'  houses. 

As  soon  in  the  approaching  season  as  circum- 
stances will  permit,  shallow  openings  should  be  made 
to  develope  the  size  and  other  circumstances  of  the 
"  Main  Coal,"  and  the  "  Deep  Coal,"  (the  thickness  of 
the  latter  is  believed  to  be  only  partly  ascertained  at 
the  McKenzie  pit,  in  the  Company's  property,)  and  to 
prove  what  other  veins  may  exist  in  the  great  extent 
of  unproved  ground  in  it,  within  the  carboniferous 
formation. 

It  is  not  practicable  in  the  present  state  of  their 
development  to  ibrm  more  than  an  approximate  esti- 
mate of  the  probable  aggregate  quantity  of  coal,  in 
the  know  n  veins  in  theFraser  and  Carmichael  tracts, 


I 


I 

I 


^  u 


I  t 

I  1 


p 


i|! 


14 

which  tracts  comprise,  together,  two  square  miles.  I 
have,  however,  come  to  the  conclusion,  after  careful 
and  repeated  consideration,  that  after  allowing  for 
the  loss  of  coal  to  be  left  for  pillars  and  by  waste, 
and,  exclusive  of  the  "Oil  Coals,"  the  probable  aggre- 
gate quantity  may  be  reasonably  assumed  to  be  not 
less  than  thirty-six  millions  of  tons  from  these  two 
tracts  alone,  which  would  be  equal  to  the  production 
of  about  a  thousand  tons  per  day  for  a  hundred  and 
twenty  years. 

Of  tho  probable  quantity  of  that  very  valuable  min- 
eral— the  "  Oil  Coar', — my  opinion  is  yet  scarcely 
formed ;  it  being  stated  upon  what  1  consider  good 
authority,  that  there  are  two  veins  of  that  coal ;  the 
one  which  has  been  opened  and  partially  worked  be- 
ing by  far  the  smaller  of  the  two,  the  size  of  the  larger, 
however,  not  being  stated.  I  consider  that  this  smaller 
proved  vein  will  yield  nett,  in  the  two  square  miles 
above  mentioned,  over  fifteen  hundred  thousand  tons. 
Its  importance,  however,  cannot  be  estimated  by  its 
quantity  without  reference  to  its  superior  quality.  If 
the  contemplated  manufacture  of  it  on  the  ground  be 
established,  it  would  yield  a  profit  many  times  larger 
than  any  that  can  bo  obtained  from  the  mining  of 
coal  of  the  ordinary  description.  It  is  important  to 
remark,  that  this  proved  "Oil  Coal "  vein  rests  im- 
mediately on  a  bed,  of  considerably  greater  than 
its  own  thickness,  of  "  batt  " — a  highly  bituminous 
shale,  which  it  is  considered  can  be  also  used  in  the 
oil  manufacture  with  great  advantage. 

It  should  be  observed  that  my  estimates  of  quan- 
tities of  coal  here  given  are  confined  to  the  sppcific 


15 


liles.  I 
careful 
nng  for 
Y  waste, 
e  aggre- 
3  be  not 
hese  two 
eduction 
ired  and 

ible  niin- 
scarcely 
der  good 
!oal ;  the 
)rked  be- 
16  larger, 
s  smaller 
tre  miles 
md  tons. 
ed  by  its 
litij.     If 
round  be 
es  larger 
ining  of 
)rtant  to 
ests  lin- 
er than 
uminous 
in  the 

)f  quan- 
spprifir. 


area  of  only  two  square  miles,  toithout  reference  to 
the  other  far  larger  grants  made  to  the  Company, 
principally  on  the  left  bank  of  the  East  Pictou  River, 

CONTAINING  FOR  VERY  GREAT  LENGTH  ALL  THE  COAL 
VEINS  WHICH  I  HAVE  DESCRIBED,  AND  PROBABLY  OTHER 
VALUABLE    ONES. 

I  consider  that  the  first  step  in  establishing  regu- 
lar effective  operations  on  the  Company's  property, 
should  be  the  speedy  sinking  of  a  slope  on  the 
McGregor  vein,  from  the  surface  to  a  depth  suitable 
for  maki  ig  a  large  shipment  irom  it  on  the  opening 
of  the  Pictou  Railroad,  and  I'or  a  business  of  not  less 
than  120,000  tons  of  coal  a  yenr.  The  high  chftrac- 
ter  of  the  McGregor  Coal,  already  established  by  the 
sale  of  it  from  the  limited  operations  of  the  "  Fleming 
colliery,"  will  no  doubt  insure  a  ready  and  increasing 
demand  for  it.  Ample  evidence  of  its  superiority  for 
steam  cooking  and  gas  purposes,  has  followed  the  use 
of  it.  The  slope  should  be  commenced  in  the  corning 
spring,  and  suitable  machinery  for  pumping  the 
water  snd  hoisting  the  coal  be  placed  on  it  during 
the  summer. 

I  recommend,  as  being  appropriate  for  the  purpose, 
the  placing  ol  the  following  machinery  at  the  pro- 
posed slope :  A  steam  pumping  engine,  18  inches 
diameter  cylinder,  8  feet  stroke,  (to  make  a  6  feet 
stroke  in  the  shaft,)  the  pumps  (plunger  or  forcing 
pumps)  to  be  8  to  9  inches  diameter,  and  the 
water  pipes  (to  provide  for  an  increase  of  water)  to 
be  10  inches  diameter.  A  steam  engine  of  the  same 
dimensions  and  length  of  stroke,  (which  will  avoid 
the   necessity  of  gear  work),  with  drums,  flat  wire 


li 


%  ; 


It 


16 


rope,  &c.  Three  boilers  of  50  feet  length  and  3  feet 
diameter,  to  supply  steam  to  both  the  engines.  Tlie 
underground  equipment  I  propose  to  be  equal  at  the 
outset  to  the  pumping  and  hoisting  from  the  depth 
of  not  less  than  240  yards; — the  power  of  these, 
with  additional  boilers,  being  estimateJ  to  be 
equal  to  the  pumping  and  hoisting  from  the  slope 
depth  of  600  yards.  The  great  length  which  the 
McGregor  Vein  occupies  in  the  Frasor  and  Carmi- 
chael  tracts  alone  (over  5,000  yards,)  will  render  it 
necessary  after  some  tiiiu; ;  (in  order  to  avail,  even  to 
a  moderate  extent,  of  its  great  capacity  of  production, 
and  to  meet  the  active  demand  which  may  be  relied 
on  I'or  this  coal ;)  to  have  an  additional  slope  or 
slopes ;  but  the  pumping  for  such  additional  opera- 
tions may  still  be  done  in  the  first  slope. 

To  carry  out  these  suggestions  will  be  required  : 

Two  steam  engines,  one  i()r  pumping,  the  other  for 
hoisting,  with  the  boilers  lor  their  joint  supply  of 
steam,  as  before  described. 

Pump-work,  pipes,  rods,  &c'.,  complete. 

Winding  apparatus,  wire  rope,  &c.,  complete. 

Coal  cars  for  underground  hauling,  on  the  slope, 
and  on  the  bank. 

Railroads  in  the  gangwayi'.  on  the  slope  and  on 
the  bank. 

Sinking  slope. 

Driving  gangways,  airways,  &c. 

Houses  for  overman  and  miners  boarding  house, 
carpenters'  and  smiths'  shops,  magazine,  store-house, 
office,  &c. 

Tools — smiths',  carpenters'  and  miners'. 


:$■ 


17 


d  3  feet 

3.     Tlie 

I  at  tlie 

e  depth 

these, 

to    be 

le  slope 

ich  the 

Carini- 

3nder  it 

even  to 

duction, 

)e  relied 

dope    or 

,1  opera- 

lired : 
ather  for 
ipply  of 


te. 

le  slope, 

and  on 


g  house, 
re-house, 


wages  and  sundries  ; 

at  a  cost  in  nil  of $115,800 

Add  for  continyenuies,  10  per  cent.  .  11,580 

United  Stales  cuiiency     .     .     .     |127,380 

This  estimate  is  founded  upon  what  the  same  work 
would  cost  in  the  Coal  Mining  Districts  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, at  the  present  time.  I  could  not,  with  my  pre- 
sent  means  of  iiilbrmation,  undertake  to  state  what 
the  same  work  will  cost  in  NovaSojtia;  but  an  ap- 
proxii.iate  conclusion  can  be  arrived  at  on  that  point 
by  those  who  are  informed  of  the  state  of  the  currency, 
and  the  relative  value  of  labor  and  materials  in  both 
countries. 

At  the  rates  paid  in  Nova  vScotia  for  mining  labor 
and  materials,  and  the  shipping  prices  at  Pictou,  I  con- 
sider that  the  McGregor  Coal,  under  the  arrangements 
I  have  proposed,  without  reference  to  the  preference 
in  point  of  price  which  it  will  probably  command 
in  the  market,  will  he  worked  at  a  profit  of  a  dollar 
to  a  dollar  ajid  ton  cents  per  ton  Nova  Scotia  cur- 
rency, i.  c.  in  gold,  after  paying  the  usual  rate  often 
cents  per  ton  royalty  to  clie  (lovoniment. 

I  recommend  $fi,0(IO  to  f$7,000  being  applied  this 
summer  to  exploration  on  the  veins  not  yet  suffi- 
ciently  developed  in  the  Fraser  and  Carinichael  areas, 
and  in  the  new-acquired  tracts,  of  i'ar  greater  extent, 
yet  unexplored. 

In  comdusion,  I  may  observe  tliat  the  very  favor- 
able opinion  1  entertain  of  the  great  importance  and 
value  of  the  Coni|:)any's  property,  is  founded  upon 
careful    examination,    during   three   different   visits 


ill 


lii!; 


18 

which  I  made  to  it  in  the  months  of  September,  Nov- 
ember and  December  last. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

THO.  PETHERICK, 

Mining  Engineer. 
January,  1865. 


W. 


19 


EPITOME 

OF  THE  I^OREG-OINa  REPORT. 


QUANTITY  OF  COAL  LANDS. 

No.  1.  Fraser     area,  acquired  by  purchase, 

No.  2,  Carmichael  "  "  "  «  i 

No.  3.  Unexplored "         "       from  Government,  5 

No.  4.  '*  "        "  "  "  5 


1  square  mil 


CI 

« 


Total, 


DISTANCE  FROM  NAV'GATION. 


12 


From  New  Glasgow,  on  East  Kiver .   2  mile-i. 

"      Pictou  Hiirbor,  "    Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence, 8      " 

"      Halifax      "        "    Atlantic  Ocean 97      «» 

NUMBER  OF  COAL  SEAMS  AND  THEIR  THICKNESS- 

No.l."Main  Coal," 30  feet   1 

No  2.  "Deep  Ooal," 22    ' 

No.  3.  "  Third  Coal," 4    . 

No.  -1  "  Purvis  Coal," 4    < 

No.  5.  Vein  in  Fleming  Shaft, said  to  bo  4  feet  thick.  . 
.^0.  6.  "  McGregor  Coal," ^3    . 


Total  thickness,. 


.72 


I 


X 

a 

■  ■-4 

P 


The  above  figure*  represent  the  actual  thickness  of  good 
coal,  exclusive  of  the  bauds  of  iutcratiatitied  iron  stone,  <feo. 

No.  7.  "  Oil  Coal."  Bituminous  Coal, 16  inches. 

Oil  Coal,  (Stellar) 13       .« 

Bituminous  Shale, 19       «• 

No.  8. '<  Oil  Coal  No.  2,"     Not  yet  extcained.      "  ^^"^^^ 


I         -i  I 


20 

QUANTITY  OF  (JOAL. 

Estimated  after  dediic- 


No.  1.  Fraser    area,  j  ^«""^»tra  artor  aoauc  ^  gcoOD.OOO  tonsbitnminousCoal. 

No.  2.  Carinichael "  )        -If  -'  f"'''  .^"f '"'"  (    1 ,500,000  tons  Stellar  Oil  Coal. 
I      jjiliurs,  waste,  itc.     j 

No.  3.  Unexplored  area,  j  j^,^^  ^^^  examined,  and  therefore  not  estimated. 

RECOMMENDED  EXPENDITURE. 

Sinking  slope,   driving   gangways, 

railways  on  bank,  tm   slope  and 

in    gangways,     eugiiifs.    yuini;  s 

and  other  niacliinery.     liuiuling 

houses,   shops,   magazine,  store. 

office,  &c 

Tools,  labor,  &c.,  &c  ,  iuoludlng  10 

per  cent,  for  contiugoncies 

After  this  expenditure  in  equipping  and  putting  in  operation  one 
slope,  the 


'  8127,000  U.  «.  Currency. 


PRODUCTION 


Is  estimated  at  120,000  tons  per  annum,  which, 

at  -Sl.OO  per  ton,  would  give  a  nett  profit  ^  Sl'20,000  in  gold, 
per  annum,  of 


hich,  ) 

mAit  '  ?1'20,< 


The  above  figures  rei'i-csent  the  co^t,  jiroduction  and  profit  of 
only  one  opening  on  the  Conipiiny's  grouiuN,  which  are  sufficiently 
extensive  to  admit  of  many  more  such  collieries. 

RECOMMENDED   EXPLORATIONS. 

Required  to  explore  and  thoroughly  test  )  .,._  „^.  tt  ^   /-i 

^   ,             .                  ,            ,  >  $(,000  U.  S.  Currency. 

coal  seams  in  unproved  ground J 


21 


JsCoal. 
ilCoai. 


icy. 


m  cue 


gokl, 

)fit  of 
ently 


•ency. 


ASTOR  HOUSK, 

New  York,  Blst  Jan.,  1865. 


To  the  Trustees  of  the  Acadia  Coal  Property  : 

Gentlemen  : 

I  have  the  honor  to  state,  for  your  information,  in  reference 

to  your  lands  in   Pictou  County,  Nova  Scotia,  that   the  work   of 

H       mining  coal  for  tlie  local  consumption  of  the  country,  as  commenced 

by  James  D.  B.  Fraser,  Esq.,  the  furmor  proprietor  of  the  "  Fraser 

•f;       '."le"   is   continued     by    iho    employment   of    twenty  men   and 

^     two  horses    in  the    "  adit,"   or  horizontal    level,  referred    to    in 

Mr.  Petherick's  Report.     The  present  yield  from  this  "  adit,"  is 

ahout  400  tons  per  month,  all  of  which  will   be  absorbed  by  local 

consumption.     It  is  proposed  to  increase  the  working  staff  to  thirty 

K       men  and  boys,  and  three  hor.sus,  and   to  work  night  and  day,  by 

which  means  the  production  of  the  mine  will  be  increased  to  1,200 

tons  per  month. 

In  addition  to  the  miners'  dwellings  on  the  Company's  ground 
referred  to  in  Mr.  retherick's  report,  there  is  on  hand  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  mining  appurtenajici'S,  and  arrangements  have  been 
made  for  the  immediate  erection  of  six  new  blocks  of  hou.<is,  and 
£or  the  ,.iirctiase  of  additional  tools  and  material. 

One  ■  '  •-  "  best  raining  machinists  in  America  has  been  em- 
ployeci  tc  fM'c  .  ro  designs  and  working  drawings  of  the  engines, 
pumps,  and  oili  r  machinery  required  to  equip  one  colliery,  in 
order  to  work  on  a  large  scale  the  McGregor  vein. 

It  is  suggested  that,  as  the  Company's  property  occupies  a  very 
extended  area,  other  collieries  be  located  and  rented  or  leased 
to  private  individuals  who  may  beccme  willing  to  work  them,  by 
paying  a  royalty  per  ton  on  all  the  coals  raised,  as  is  now  done  in 
the  mining  districts  of  Pennsylvania  and  elsewhere. 

I  '•t'"'  to  state  also,  that  I  have  nude  diligent  inquiries  from 
persons  who  are  best  informed  on  such  subjects,  on  all  matters 
connected  with  the  manutacture  of  Kerosene  Oil,  and  I  have  had 


.'^'m 


if;! 


M 


90 

80 

'  ; 

60 

50 

40 

30 

22 


several  interviews  with  a  gentleman  of  high  standing,  and  of  the 
greatest  experience  in  that  business,  by  whom  I  am  kindly  fur- 
nished with  the  following  particulars  : 

The  "  Stellar  Oil  Coal"  has  been  tested  in  the  Kerosene  Oil 
Works  at  Portland  and  other  places,  and  found  to  make  the  veri/ 
best  of  oil. 

The  value  of  the  coal  at  the  colliery,  in  Pictou  County,  may  be 
given  as  follows  : 

Coal  producing  100  Crude  Oil  per  ton,  $10.00  per  ton,  in  gold. 

"     "     "  900 

8.00 

"  "  "  7.00 
"  "  "  6.00 
"      "       "        5  00 

u  ..  «  4Q() 

•       "      "      "        3.00 

An  establishment  for  the  manufacture  of  refined  oil  to  the  extent 
of  400,000  gallons  per  annum,  and  such  other  products  as  parafine, 
from  the  "  Stellar  Coal,"  could  be  erected  and  put  in  operation  at 
the  Acadia  Colliery  for  $80,000  in  gold.  Computing  the  yield  of 
the  "  Stellar  Coal  "  at  50  gallons  only  to  the  ton,  at  $5  per  ton,  the 
"  Bituminous  Coal"  for  fuel,  at  S1.60  per  ton,  (which  would  give 
a  handsome  return  on  the  mining,)  refined  oil  could  bo  manutuc- 
tured  at  a  cost  of  25  to  30  cents  per  gallon.  As  such  oil  commands 
at  the  present  time  from  50  cents  to  55  cents  per  gallon  in  the 
British  Provinces,  and  as  tiie  European  markets  could  also  be 
made  available,  it  will  readily  bo  perceived  that  .such  an  establish- 
ment cannot  fail  to  be  exceedingly  remunerative,  independent  of 
the  great  profit  to  accrue  from  mining  the  "  bituminous  coal,"  as 
estimated  by  Mr.  Petherick. 

The  expense  of  works  and  machinery  capable  of  extracting  the 
8,000  tons  of  the  "  Stellar  Coal,"  (which,  computing  50  gallons  per 
ton,  would  be  required  to  manufacture  400,000  gallons  of  oil  per 
annum,)  is  estimated  at  S28,000  in  U.  S.  Currency  ;  and  the  expense 
and  mining  labor  thereafter  would  ni)t  exceed  §2,50  per  ton,  which 
would  leave  a  profit  of  $2,50  per  ton  in  gold.  If  the  coal  is  sufii- 
ciently  rich  to  produce  more  than  50  gallons  per  ton,  then  the  profit 
of  both  mining  and  refining  will  be  increased  in  the  same  ratio. 


'M 


]^A 


i 


23 

Appended  to  this  letter  will  be  found  some  extracts  from  the 
records  of  the  Industrial  Exhibition  in  London,  in  1862,  tarnishing 
valuable  information  as  to  the  quality  of  the  coal  in  the  "  Mc- 
Gregor "  and  "  Oil  Coal  "  veins  on  the  Ccmpanv's  property. 

I  have  the  honor  to  b^, 

Your  most  ob't  servant, 

JESSE  HOYT, 

Gerieral  Agent, 


EXTRACTS   FROM    THE   RECORDS    OP   THE   INDUSTRIAL   EXHIBITION    OF 
LONDON,    REFERRED    TO   IN   MR.    HOYT's   LETTER. 

NOVA    SCOTIA. 

Underlying  the  Albion  Mines  "  Deep  Seam,"  at  a  depth  of  280 
feet,  and  having  the  same  dip  of  IS'',  is  a  bituminous  coal  seam  of 
8  feet  thick,  which  the  Eraser  Mine  Company  are  working  near  the 
"crop,"  by  means  of  a  level.  No.  1  Sample  is  2  feet  thick, 
sp.  gr.,  1.334;  volatile  matter,  22.50;  carbon,  C5  70;  ash 
grey,  11.80;  total,  100.  Then  4  inches  of  poor  coal  are  re- 
jected. i\o  2  sample  is  3  fedt  6  inches  thick,  making  a  total  seam 
of  5  feet  6  inches  marketable  coal.  Sp.  Gr.,  1.301;  volatile 
matter,  23.30  ;  carbon,  70.00 ;  ash  grey,  6.70  ;  total,  100.  It  is 
proved  to  be  a  superior  steam  coal  by  steamers  running  between 
Pictou,  Charlottetown  and  Shediac,  and  it  gives  a  good  illumi- 
nating gas.  (Signed,) 

HENRY  POOLE, 

Halifax,  ^Ist  January,  1862.  Mining  Engineer. 


Below  the  Fraser  Mine,  bituminous  coal,  at  a  depth  of  240  feet^ 
a  seam  of  oil  coal— No.  3  sample— has  been  worked,  called  the 
"  Stellar  Coal,"  from  the  free  way  in  which  it  throws  off  its 
sparks.     It  varies  in  thickness  from  4  to  20  inches.    Sp.  Gr.  1.152. 


24 


The  following  analysis  has  been  made  by  Prof.  How,  of 
Windsor  College,  Nova  Scotia:  moisture,  0.23;  volatile  matter, 
66.33;  carbon.  25.23;  ash,  8.21;  total,  100.  Ultimate  analysis 
yielded  :   carbon,  80.96 ;  hydrogen,  10.15 

♦       (Signed,)  HENRY  POOLE, 

Mining  Engineer. 

Halifax,  21st  January,  1862. 


^A 


!  ! 


i 


lii 


26 


RECAPITULATION. 

Estimated  expenditure  requir- 
ed to  open  McGregor  seam, 
as  by  Mr.  Petherick's  report,  ; 
$127,380  U.  S.  currency,  say $64,000  in  Gold. 

Estimated  expenditure  requir-  ' 
ed  to  open  Oil  Coal  seam,  as 
by  Mr.  Hoyt's  letter,  |28,000 
U.  S.  Currency,  say 14,000  "     " 

Estimated  expenditure  requir- 
ed   to   establish  Oil  Manu 
factory,    as   by  Mr.    Hoyt's 

^^*^^^'---- 80,000  "     " 

Total  Expenditure |168,000  "     " 

Estimated  nett  income,  per  annum,  after  the  above 

expenditure : 

From  bituminous  coal,  120  000  ) 

tonsatll.OOperton,  ...'...)      $120,000  in  Gold. 

^'''Z£'^  ^^^^  ^'000  tons  at  I 
^>2,50  per  ton, \  20,000  "     " 

From      manufacture    of   Oil  J 

400,000  gallons  per  annum  f  80,000  "     " 

at  JO  cents  ])er  gallon ) 

^'•"^fit $220,000  "      " 


■'Sii 


,«'» 
M 


it 


\  Ij 


i!     « 


M  i  li 


Hi: 


^Pl? 


't 


The  followiu!;  is  the  result  of  the  Anali/sis  of  this  Coal  as  made 
by  Dr.  John  Torrkv,  in  the  Labomlorij  of  the  Manhattan 
Gas-Light  Company : 

COKING  COAL  OP  THE  ACADIA  COAL  COMPANY, 

From  Cyrus  W.  Field,  Nova  Scotia. 

One  ton— 2.240  pounds— yielded  9,500  feet  of  L3.03  candle 
gas  and  42  bu.shel.s  coke,  weighing  1,040  pounds. 

The  coke  is  good  It  contains  rather  much  ash,  and  makes 
some  clinker  ;  but  it  burns  very  well,  keeping  up  a  good,  strong 
fire 

The  cual  .seeuis  to  deserve  a  trial  on  a  larger  scale,  as  it  is  very 
readily  carbonized,  yielding  a  good  volume  of  gas  and  coke. 

ANALYSIS    OP    THE    COAL. 

Volatile  matter 82.0 

Fixed  carbon 59 .3 

Ash 8.7 

100.0 
Manhattan  Gas  Works,  Feb.  9,  18G5. 


OIL  OBTAINED  FROM  THE  OIL  COAL. 


Portland,  Feb.  DJ,  1SG5. 
Cyrus  W.  Field,  Esq. 

Dear  Sir—l  have  got  through  with  the  Eraser  (Joal.  In  making 
the  crude  oil,  it  yields— after  taking  out  the  water,  which  is 
about  12  per  cent.— 50  gallons  to  the  ton,  of  good  crude  oil ;  that, 
I  think,  will  finish  more  than  40  gallons  of  refined  product  to  the 
ton — at  least  HH  gallons. 

To  work  this  coal  in  the  retorts  that  we  work,  would  be  an  ex- 
pensive  way ;  if  you  would  be  willing  to  spend  from  0  to  800  dollars 
to  put  one  of  Atwood's  pipes  to  work  it,  and  then  send  here  about 
10  tons  of  each  kind  of  coal  you  have  there,  we  could  decide 
intelligently  upon  the  best  way  of  working  all  the  coal  you  have 
into  refined  oil. 

Yours  truly, 

F.  MACDONALD. 


